Go语言动手写Web框架 - Gee第三天 前缀树路由Router

type node struct {
	pattern  string // 待匹配路由，例如 /p/:lang
	part     string // 路由中的一部分，例如 :lang
	children []*node // 子节点，例如 [doc, tutorial, intro]
	isWild   bool // 是否精确匹配，part 含有 : 或 * 时为true
}

// 第一个匹配成功的节点，用于插入
func (n *node) matchChild(part string) *node {
	for _, child := range n.children {
		if child.part == part || child.isWild {
			return child
		}
	}
	return nil
}
// 所有匹配成功的节点，用于查找
func (n *node) matchChildren(part string) []*node {
	nodes := make([]*node, 0)
	for _, child := range n.children {
		if child.part == part || child.isWild {
			nodes = append(nodes, child)
		}
	}
	return nodes
}

func (n *node) insert(pattern string, parts []string, height int) {
	if len(parts) == height {
		n.pattern = pattern
		return
	}

	part := parts[height]
	child := n.matchChild(part)
	if child == nil {
		child = &node{part: part, isWild: part[0] == ':' || part[0] == '*'}
		n.children = append(n.children, child)
	}
	child.insert(pattern, parts, height+1)
}

func (n *node) search(parts []string, height int) *node {
	if len(parts) == height || strings.HasPrefix(n.part, "*") {
		if n.pattern == "" {
			return nil
		}
		return n
	}

	part := parts[height]
	children := n.matchChildren(part)

	for _, child := range children {
		result := child.search(parts, height+1)
		if result != nil {
			return result
		}
	}

	return nil
}

type router struct {
	roots    map[string]*node
	handlers map[string]HandlerFunc
}

// roots key eg, roots['GET'] roots['POST']
// handlers key eg, handlers['GET-/p/:lang/doc'], handlers['POST-/p/book']
    
func newRouter() *router {
	return &router{
		roots:    make(map[string]*node),
		handlers: make(map[string]HandlerFunc),
	}
}

// Only one * is allowed
func parsePattern(pattern string) []string {
	vs := strings.Split(pattern, "/")

	parts := make([]string, 0)
	for _, item := range vs {
		if item != "" {
			parts = append(parts, item)
			if item[0] == '*' {
				break
			}
		}
	}
	return parts
}

func (r *router) addRoute(method string, pattern string, handler HandlerFunc) {
	parts := parsePattern(pattern)

	key := method + "-" + pattern
	_, ok := r.roots[method]
	if !ok {
		r.roots[method] = &node{}
	}
	r.roots[method].insert(pattern, parts, 0)
	r.handlers[key] = handler
}

func (r *router) getRoute(method string, path string) (*node, map[string]string) {
	searchParts := parsePattern(path)
	params := make(map[string]string)
	root, ok := r.roots[method]

	if !ok {
		return nil, nil
	}

	n := root.search(searchParts, 0)

	if n != nil {
		parts := parsePattern(n.pattern)
		for index, part := range parts {
			if part[0] == ':' {
				params[part[1:]] = searchParts[index]
			}
			if part[0] == '*' && len(part) > 1 {
				params[part[1:]] = strings.Join(searchParts[index:], "/")
				break
			}
		}
		return n, params
	}

	return nil, nil
}

type Context struct {
	// origin objects
	Writer http.ResponseWriter
	Req    *http.Request
	// request info
	Path   string
	Method string
	Params map[string]string
	// response info
	StatusCode int
}

func (c *Context) Param(key string) string {
	value, _ := c.Params[key]
	return value
}

func (r *router) handle(c *Context) {
	n, params := r.getRoute(c.Method, c.Path)
	if n != nil {
		c.Params = params
		key := c.Method + "-" + n.pattern
		r.handlers[key](c)
	} else {
		c.String(http.StatusNotFound, "404 NOT FOUND: %s\n", c.Path)
	}
}

func newTestRouter() *router {
	r := newRouter()
	r.addRoute("GET", "/", nil)
	r.addRoute("GET", "/hello/:name", nil)
	r.addRoute("GET", "/hello/b/c", nil)
	r.addRoute("GET", "/hi/:name", nil)
	r.addRoute("GET", "/assets/*filepath", nil)
	return r
}

func TestParsePattern(t *testing.T) {
	ok := reflect.DeepEqual(parsePattern("/p/:name"), []string{"p", ":name"})
	ok = ok && reflect.DeepEqual(parsePattern("/p/*"), []string{"p", "*"})
	ok = ok && reflect.DeepEqual(parsePattern("/p/*name/*"), []string{"p", "*name"})
	if !ok {
		t.Fatal("test parsePattern failed")
	}
}

func TestGetRoute(t *testing.T) {
	r := newTestRouter()
	n, ps := r.getRoute("GET", "/hello/geektutu")

	if n == nil {
		t.Fatal("nil shouldn't be returned")
	}

	if n.pattern != "/hello/:name" {
		t.Fatal("should match /hello/:name")
	}

	if ps["name"] != "geektutu" {
		t.Fatal("name should be equal to 'geektutu'")
	}

	fmt.Printf("matched path: %s, params['name']: %s\n", n.pattern, ps["name"])

}

func main() {
	r := gee.New()
	r.GET("/", func(c *gee.Context) {
		c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "<h1>Hello Gee</h1>")
	})

	r.GET("/hello", func(c *gee.Context) {
		// expect /hello?name=geektutu
		c.String(http.StatusOK, "hello %s, you're at %s\n", c.Query("name"), c.Path)
	})

	r.GET("/hello/:name", func(c *gee.Context) {
		// expect /hello/geektutu
		c.String(http.StatusOK, "hello %s, you're at %s\n", c.Param("name"), c.Path)
	})

	r.GET("/assets/*filepath", func(c *gee.Context) {
		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gee.H{"filepath": c.Param("filepath")})
	})

	r.Run(":9999")
}